Lesson 21. The Future Simple

The Future Simple

     -What will you buy Alice for her birthday?

-I think I'll buy her a bottle of perfume.

                                                -Perhaps I'll buy her a pair of earrings. Will you help me choose them?

                -Yes, I will. 

We use the Future Simple:

• for  predictions about the future (делаем предсказания)

You'll be a great computer operator one day.

• for threats or warnings(для выражения угроз и предупреждений)

Be quiet or I'll send you out.

 

• for promises or on-the-spot decisions (решения принятые на месте)

I'll buy this dress.

• with the verbs hope, think, believe, expect, etc. the expressions I'm sure..., I'm afraid... etc. and the adverbs probably, perhaps, etc. (с глаголами надеяться, думать, верить, ожидать; выражениями Я уверен..., Боюсь что...., с наречиями вероятно, может быть)
  
   I hope he will pass his exms.
  Perhaps I will see her tomorrow.
  I think he will support me.
  He will probably go to work.

( + )

We form  the future simple with the auxiliary verb will and the root form of the verb.(мы строим  утвердительные предложения  при помощи вспомогательного глагола will  и смыслового глагола)
Will is used for all persons.


The boys will play football. 

( - ) 
 We form negations by putting not after will. The short form of will not is won't.(при образовании отрицательного предложения после глагoла will мы ставим отрицание not; в устной речи мы обычно используем  краткую форму won't)

They will not /won't go to the park, they will go to the cinema.

  

 ( ? ) 
We form questions by putting will before the subject pronoun.(при образовании вопросительного предложения мы ставим will в начало предложения)
Will they go to the park?

Time expressions used with future simple include:

tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, 
next week/month/year 
soon, in a week/month/year  

Видео урок по теме:The Future Simple

Lesson 20. Past Simple (Regular/Irregular Verbs)

Past Simple Regular/Irregular Verbs

 

Children didn't stay at home last Sundya. They went to the park and played there.

We use the past simple: 

•  for actions which happened at the definite stated time in the past, that is, we know when they happened.( мы употребляем простое прошедшее время для выражения событий, которые произошли в определенный момент в прошлом.)

Alice painted pictures an hour ago. (When did she paint pictures? - An hour ago.)

• for repeated actions which happened in the past but don't happen any more. In this case we can use adverbs of frequency ( always, often, usually...)( для повторяющихся дейстий в прошлом, которые больше никогда не произойдут. В этом случае мы можем употреблять наречия частотности- всегда, часто, обычно)

 

My father often took me to the playground  when I was little.

• for actions which happened one after the other in the past (действия, следовавшие одно за другим в прошлом)

 I had lunch and then I went for a walk.

 

• to talk about people who are no longer alive (когда речь идет о людях, которых нет в живых)

  
Princess Diana visited a lot of schools.
 

( + )

•  We form the past simple of regular verbs by adding  -ed to the main verb. (образуем прошедшее время путем прибавления окончания -ed к правильным глаголам)

He played football yesterday. 

 

 

( - ) 

• We form negations with did not/didn't and the main verb without -ed.( отрицательные предложения мы образуем при помощи вспомогательного глагола did и отрицания not. Мы ставим did not/didn't перед смысловым глаголом, при этом окончание -ed к смысловому глаголу не прибавляется.)  

She didn't play badminton she played tennis.



 ( ? ) 

• We form questions with the auxiliary verb did , the subject pronoun and the main verb without -ed.( при образовании вопросительных предложений мы ставим Did в начало предложения. При этом окончание -ed к смысловому глаголу не прибавляется)

 

Did they play football yesterday?

Spelling rules:

• verbs ending in -e take only -d.(к глаголам, которые оканчиваются на -е, мы прибавляем -d)

like   -   liked          help   -   helped

 

• verbs ending in a consonant + y, drop the y and take -ied (к глаголам, которые оканчиваются на согласную + у, мы прибавляем -ed при этом -у меняем на -i)

tidy   -   tidied       cry   - cried       study   -   studied

• verbs ending in one stressed vowel between two consonant and take -ed. (к глаголам, которые оканчиваются на согласную, перед которой стоит одна гласная, мы прибавляем -ed при этом конечная согласная удваивается)

stop   -   stopped     drop   -   dropped       skip   -   skipped

 

• verbs ending in one l, double the l and take -ed (к глаголам, которые заканчиваются на одну -l, мы прибавляем еще одну букву -l и окончание -ed)

travel   -   travelled

Irregular  verbs  do not form the past simple by adding -ed.

( + ) 

go   -   went          see   -   saw        drink   -   drank

(see list of irregular verds at the end of your student's book) 

 

They made sand castles yesterday.

( - )  / ( ? )

Irregular verbs form negations and questions with did/did not (didn't) and the root form of the verb. (отрицательные и вопросительные предложения с неправильными глаголами  мы образуем при помощи вспомогательного глагола did/did not (didn't) и смыслового глагола. В вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях смысловой глагол не меняется)

 

Did they make sand castles yesterday?

They didn't make  sand castles yesterday.They swam in the sea.

Time expressions used with the past simple include:

last week, last month, last year, last Monday

two days/weeks/months/years ago

yesterday

in 1972

Видео урок по тесме: Past Simple 

 

Lesson 19. Past Simple (Had)

Past Simple (Had)

 

Boy: Grandpa, did you have a TV when you were five?

                      Grandfather:  No, I didn't. People didn't have TV's then. They had radios. 

 

• The past simple of the verb have (got) is had. It is the same in all persons. 

                                                            Ben had toothache yesterday.

 

 ( - )

 We form negations with did not and have.

 

I didn't have many toys when I was a child.

We form questions with the auxiliary verb did, the subject pronoun and the verb have.

 

Did you have many teddy bears when you were a child?

Lesson 18.There was/There were

There was/There were

 

This is a moden city today. There are a lot of tall buildings and shops.

This is the same city fifty years ago. There weren't any tall buildings. There were some old houses.

• There was / There were is the past simple form of There is / There are.

We use there was in the singular.

    There was a post office in the street  eighty years ago.

We use there were in plurals.


  There were a lot of houses in the street eighty years ago.

( - )  /  ( ? )

We form negations by putting not after was/were. 

We put was/were before there to form questions. 

 

Girl: Grandpa, when you were small, was there a television in your house?
Grandfather: No, there wasn't.There wasn't a television in my house, but there were a lot of books!
Girl: Was there a CD player?
Grandfather: No, there wasn't. But there was a radio!
Girl: Was there a telephone?
Grandfather:No, there wasn't. There were letters!
           


                             Affirmative                              Negative                                        Interrogative 
                                                                long form           short form
                              There was               There was not       There wasn't                       Was there.....?
                              There were              There were not      There weren't                     Were there .....?

Lesson 17. Past simple (Was/Were)

Past simple (Was/Were)

 

Mary is eighty. She is old and weak. Sixty years ago she  was young and beautiful.


Past Simple - это простое прошедшее время. Мы употредляем глагл to be (was,were)  для описания ситуаций и состояний в прошлом.
We use the past simple for actions which finished at a definite tme in the past. That is, we know when the action happened.


We were in London last week.(When? Last week)




( + )

•  The past simple of the verb - to be was for I, she, he, it and were for we, you, they. (Утвердительные предложение в прошедшем времени строим так:  для местоимений 3-го лица и местоимения  я - употребляем was: c местоимениями мы, ты/вы, они - were)

I was at the Zoo yesterday. 

( - )

• We form negations by putting not after was/were. short form was't/weren't. (для образования отрицательных предложений после глагола to be - was/were мы ставим отрицание not. В устной речи мы обычно употребляем сокращенную форму)

It wasn't hot and sunny.

She wasn't at the swimming pool yesterday.She was at home.

( ? )

We form questions by putting was/were before the subject pronoun.

They were in the park yesterday.

Were they in the park yesterday?

 

 

He was at school yesterday.

Was he at school yesterday?

Time expressions used with the past simple include:(мы часто употребляем указатели времени)

yesterday, last week,last month, last year;

two days/week/month/years ago;

in 1972;